Pyat suggests parallels between art and politics, and he references several of his own works (Une révolution d’autrefois, Ango, Le brigand et le philosophe, Les deux serruriers, Mathilde, Diogène, Le chiffonnier de Paris). Mentions the 1848 revolution and the Paris Commune. Includes references to Goethe, Shakespeare, Molière, Voltaire, and others. Harshly criticizes the vicomte de Chateaubriand and Victor Hugo.